RECF  ·  MISSION 2026 TIME WARP  ·  V3.0

AERIAL DRONE COMPETITION Mission 2026 Time Warp

The REC Foundation's Aerial Drone Competition provides a hands-on STEM experience—fostering drone piloting, programming, teamwork, and real-world problem-solving skills. Everything you need to compete, in one place.

↓ Explore Missions ↗ RECF Official Site
4
Missions
90s
Teamwork Match
3min
Autonomous Skills
60s
Piloting Skills
Max Matches/Event

How the Competition Works

Teams compete across four distinct missions that test piloting, programming, documentation, and communication skills.

🤝
TEAMWORK

Teamwork Mission

Two Drone Teams compete as an Alliance in fast-paced Matches, working together to score points by clearing zones, completing warp loops, and landing precisely.

⏱ 90 seconds per Match · Alliance of 2
🤖
AUTONOMOUS

Autonomous Flight Skills

Students program their Drone to operate fully autonomously—no human control allowed. Fly through gates, tunnels, panels, and identify color mats to earn points.

⏱ 3 minutes · Up to 3 Matches/event
🕹️
PILOTING SKILLS

Piloting Skills Mission

Navigate an obstacle course with precision. Fly through, under, and around various challenges to score as many points as possible. A calm, focused pilot wins.

⏱ 60 seconds · Up to 3 Matches/event
📋
COMMUNICATIONS

Communications Mission

Submit your Competition Logbook and sit for a judge interview. Teams answer questions about management, coding strategies, STEM connections, and career links.

📓 Logbook + 🎤 Interview

Quick Reference Rules

The Head Referee has ultimate authority. Rules are designed for fair play—if something isn't explicitly prohibited, it's generally legal.

⚙️ DRONE RULES

<D1> Teams must use the CoDrone EDU, CoDrone EDU JROTC Edition, or Parrot Mambo.
<D2> Teams may not modify the Drone or Drone electronics.
<D3> Decorations are allowed on the drone.
<D4> Drones must be running current firmware before competition.
<D5> There is a distinction between accidentally and willfully violating a Drone rule.
<S7> Batteries must be charged (above 80%) before launch for maximum efficiency.

🏆 TOURNAMENT RULES

<T1> Head Referee has ultimate authority on all ruling decisions during Matches.
<T4> Only one Drone permitted at the Field at a time.
<T5> Flight Team Members are the only Team members allowed at the field.
<T6> Electronic communication devices are prohibited during a Match.
<T11> Scoring is evaluated after the Match has ended.
<G1> Treat everyone with respect at all times.

👥 GENERAL + STUDENT RULES

<G2> The Aerial Drone Competition is a Student-centered program.
<G3> Use common sense. All work must reflect the actual skill level of the Team's Students.
<G4> Each Student can only belong to one Team per season.
<T18> Each Team will be scheduled for at least 4 Qualification Matches.
<T19> Teams are ranked by their average qualification Match scores.

✅ ALLIANCE & ELIMINATION

<T20> Alliance Selection process forms 2-Team Alliances for Elimination Matches.
<T21> Send a Team representative to Alliance Selection—don't miss it!
<T22> Each Team may only be invited once to join an Alliance.
<T24> Elimination Matches are played sequentially in rounds.
<T3> Flight Team Members are permitted to immediately appeal the Head Referee's ruling.

Understanding Airspace

Real-world FAA airspace classifications are part of the ADC curriculum. Know where drones can and cannot fly—and when ATC permission is required.

CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — Classes A through E require varying levels of ATC communication and approval. UNCONTROLLED AIRSPACE — Class G is generally free to operate in without ATC unless a control tower is present.

A

Class A — High Altitude

Above Class E / above 18,000 ft MSL. Requires ATC permission. Instrument Flight Rules apply.

⚠ ATC PERMISSION REQUIRED
B

Class B — Major Airports

From surface to 10,000 ft MSL surrounding major airports like ORD or LAX. Requires ATC clearance.

⚠ ATC PERMISSION REQUIRED
C

Class C — Medium Airports

Extends to 4,000 ft AGL around medium-sized airports. Two-way radio communication required.

⚠ ATC PERMISSION REQUIRED
D

Class D — Minor Airports

Less than 2,500 ft AGL for airports with a control tower. Must establish radio contact before entering.

⚠ ATC PERMISSION REQUIRED
E

Class E — General Airspace

Below 18,000 ft MSL. General controlled airspace that does NOT require ATC permission unless temporary VIP airspace is active.

✓ GENERALLY NO ATC NEEDED
G

Class G — Uncontrolled

700 or 1,200 ft AGL, can extend to 14,500 ft MSL in remote areas. Usually drone-friendly without ATC—unless a control tower is present.

✓ NO ATC NEEDED (generally)

🚫 SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS

Temporary VIP Airspace: The outer ring requires ATC permission and mandates you be "talking and squawking" with ATC — meaning active two-way radio communication while on an IFR or VFR flight plan. The inner ring is typically a no-fly zone entirely.

Tips from the Flight Deck

Practical wisdom gathered from real competition experience. Study these before you fly.

🧱

Avoid Walls & Corners

Walls and corners restrict airflow around the drone, making it harder to control and increasing crash risk. Stay in open air whenever possible.

🔋

Keep Batteries Above 80%

Batteries below 80% noticeably reduce drone efficiency, responsiveness, and stability. Always check charge level before a match or practice session.

✈️

Pre-Flight Checklist

A thorough pre-flight check (per rule <S4>) is required at competitions—but treat it as great practice every single time you fly to build strong habits.

😌

A Calm Pilot Wins

Logging crashes helps identify your team's most consistent pilot. Panic leads to overcorrection. The best pilots stay composed under pressure.

📊

Log Every Crash

Crash logs are a powerful team tool. Track who was flying, what happened, and how to prevent it. Data-driven improvement separates good teams from great ones.

🏔️

Stuck Drones & Ramps

A stuck drone won't generate enough thrust to climb a ramp. If you're not clearing obstacles, check battery level and ensure the drone isn't wedged against a surface.

💻

Trial & Error for Coders

For autonomous flight, trial and error is your primary tool. Iterate fast, test often, and document what works. Don't assume—test it on the field.

👁️

Visual Observer is Key

Your Visual Observer is your second pair of eyes. Communication between pilot and VO during a match can prevent crashes and improve navigation accuracy.

Science & Engineering

Chemistry and physics directly affect drone performance. Understanding molecular weights helps explain how humidity and air composition impact your flights.

ATMOSPHERIC MOLECULES & DRONE LIFT

N₂
14 × 2 = 28 au
Nitrogen
Main component of air (~78%)
O₂
16 × 2 = 32 au
Oxygen
Vital for combustion (~21%)
CO₂
16×2 + 12 = 44 au
Carbon Dioxide
Heaviest common gas in air
H₂O
1×2 + 16 = 18 au
Water Vapor
Replaces heavier N₂/O₂ molecules
💡

Why humidity affects drone control: Water vapor (H₂O at 18 au) is significantly lighter than N₂ (28 au) and O₂ (32 au). When humidity is high, water molecules displace heavier air molecules, making the air less dense. Less dense air means less lift for the same rotor speed. Higher humidity = harder to control the drone, especially during precision maneuvers.

📡 METAR — METEOROLOGICAL AERODROME REPORT

Standard format for hourly or special surface weather observations at airports. Reading a METAR helps your team understand flight conditions before competition day.

METAR KORD 241556Z 27015KT 10SM FEW045 BKN200 18/07 A3012 RMK AO2
StationAirport ID (e.g. KORD = Chicago O'Hare)
241556ZDay 24, time 1556 UTC (Zulu)
27015KTWind from 270° at 15 knots
10SMVisibility 10 statute miles
FEW045Few clouds at 4,500 ft AGL
BKN200Broken ceiling at 20,000 ft
18/07Temp 18°C / Dewpoint 7°C
A3012Altimeter setting 30.12 inHg
RMK AO2Remarks: automated station with precip sensor

Sensors, Stability & Flight Science

A complete guide to how your CoDrone EDU senses the world, maintains stability, and why environmental conditions affect every single flight.

CODRONE EDU · v3.2

The CoDrone EDU uses a combination of five sensor systems working simultaneously — optical flow, range finders, barometric pressure, air flow, and IMU — to calculate a real-time stability algorithm that keeps the drone hovering. Understanding these sensors is critical to understanding why your drone behaves differently from day to day.

BOTTOM · CENTER 🔍

Optical Flow Sensor

Downward-facing sensor that estimates the drone's X and Y position. Locks onto visual patterns to hold position and follow coded boundaries. Looks like a tiny cog/gear with a small shiny lens inside at the very center bottom of the drone.

BOTTOM · UNDERSIDE 📡

Bottom Range Sensor

Reads the distance from the drone's underside to the nearest surface below — up to 1.5 meters. Controls altitude during hover and landing. Flying above 10 ft may cause this sensor to lose its surface lock.

FRONT · NOSE ↔️

Front Range Sensor

Reads the distance from the front of the drone to the nearest surface — up to 1.5 meters. Detects obstacles and maintains clearance during forward flight. Avoid flying too close to walls as turbulent airflow affects sensor accuracy.

UNDERSIDE · LOUVERS 🌬️

Air Flow Sensor

Air is drawn in through the louver holes on the underside. The air flow sensor samples air pressure across all four propellers, measuring pressure differences to feed the real-time stability algorithm. Never block the louvers.

INTERNAL · BOARD 🧭

IMU (Barometric + Gyro)

The Inertial Measurement Unit combines a barometric pressure sensor, gyroscope, and accelerometer. Tracks altitude, orientation, roll, pitch, and yaw. Barometric readings are continuously sampled through the louvers underneath the drone.

⚙️ HOW IT WORKS

  • Located at the very center bottom of the drone — looks like a tiny gear/cog with a small shiny lens inside
  • The sensor sits on a slip-fit cog/fastener — not a real gear — by design for crash protection
  • Locks onto visual reference points (e.g., green field lines) and follows them, centering the drone on the pattern
  • Measures distance to a color pad and can guide the drone through small targets when programmed via code
  • Sensor data can be read live from the drone during flight — use this to debug your flight code
  • You must write code to set a boundary (cage key mechanism) for the drone to follow field lines

🛡️ CRASH PROTECTION & CARE

  • If the drone crashes, the sensor slips downward rather than snapping or breaking — this is intentional design
  • Before activating, use your fingernail to push the sensor back up into place in the cog
  • Never force it — gentle pressure is enough to reseat the sensor correctly
  • This intentional design means you rarely need to replace the sensor after minor crashes
  • Works best on well-lit, patterned floors — avoid dark carpets, reflective surfaces, or parallel-lined surfaces
  • Ensure no debris blocks the optical flow sensor or louvers before every flight
🌡️

TEMPERATURE

Air temperature changes air density, directly affecting how propellers generate lift. Hotter air = less dense air = less lift. The drone compensates in real-time, but performance varies day to day.

🌀

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE

Atmospheric pressure shifts affect altitude-hold and hover stability. The sensor continuously samples pressure through the louvers underneath the drone to track these changes in real time.

💧

HUMIDITY

Humidity changes air density and the amount of moisture (condensate) in the air. Combined with temperature and pressure, it forms the Wet Bulb Globe Reading used by the drone's stability algorithm.

TEMP + PRESSURE + HUMIDITY = WBGT

The Wet Bulb Globe Reading (WBGT) is the three-input calculation the CoDrone EDU uses to calibrate its real-time stability algorithm via the air flow sensor and louvers. All three values change daily — which is why your drone may behave differently even when your code is identical.

🧠 How the Drone Stays Stable

The air flow sensor samples air across all four propellers simultaneously, measuring pressure differences and airflow velocity between the louvers on each side of the drone.

This data is combined with all other sensors — optical flow, range finders, barometric, and IMU — to calculate a stability algorithm in real time. The combination of all sensors is how the computer samples data to produce a stable, hovering drone.

💡 Key Insight: The stability value today will not be the same tomorrow. Temperature, pressure, and humidity are always changing. A flight program scoring 70 pts today may perform differently tomorrow — with identical code. The environment changed. Not your program.
"Did you ever notice when you set up your scheme to score 70 points and the next day you cannot score 70 points even though the values are the same? What did you do to change it? Nothing. The environment changes."
01

Bottom Sensors Clear

Ensure no debris blocks the optical flow sensor, bottom range sensor, or louvers underneath the drone before every single flight.

02

Optical Sensor Seated

Push the optical flow sensor cog back into place with your fingernail before powering on the drone. Never skip this step after any crash.

03

Fly on Patterned, Flat Surfaces

The optical flow sensor works best on well-lit, patterned floors. Avoid dark carpets, reflective surfaces, or parallel-lined surfaces.

04

Avoid Walls & Vertical Surfaces

Being too close to walls creates turbulent airflow that destabilizes the drone's air flow sensor readings.

05

Note Environmental Conditions

Temperature, pressure, and humidity change daily. Recalibrate expectations — your code is the same, but the air is not. Log conditions with each session.

06

Keep Drone Below 10 ft

Flying higher increases crash risk and can prevent the bottom range sensor from reading a surface for altitude hold. Stay low and in control.

⚠️

CAUTION: The CoDrone EDU is designed for indoor use only. The drone cannot withstand wind. Always fly indoors in open spaces with adequate ceiling clearance. Never fly outdoors or near air vents/fans.

Competition Logbook

The Competition Logbook is submitted as part of the Communications Mission. Judges score it using a formal rubric—treat it as a living document throughout the season.

Getting Started with the Logbook

Teams must use the RECFevents platform to manage and submit their logbook. Your logbook is your team's story—document everything from day one.

↗ Official Guide

📋 WHAT TO DOCUMENT

  • Team management structure and roles
  • Meeting notes and session logs
  • Piloting practice sessions and crash logs
  • Autonomous coding progress and iterations
  • Strategy development and match planning
  • STEM/career connections made by team
  • Outreach and community involvement activities
  • Pre-flight checklist records
  • Battery logs and maintenance records

🏅 RUBRIC CATEGORIES

  • Team Identity — name, logo, member roles
  • Team Management — organization, planning, meetings
  • Drone Piloting — practice records, improvement
  • Autonomous Coding — development process, documentation
  • Game Strategy — match analysis and planning
  • STEM Connections — science and engineering tie-ins
  • Career Awareness — careers explored by the team
  • Consistency — regular updates throughout season
  • Quality — clarity, thoroughness, professionalism

Team Interview Tips

During the Communications Mission, judges will interview your team. Preparation is key. Study these sample questions and practice as a team before competition day.

🧠 TEAM MANAGEMENT

  • How does your team divide roles and responsibilities?
  • How do you resolve disagreements within the team?
  • Describe your team's meeting schedule and how you track progress.
  • What would you do differently if you could start the season over?
  • Who is your team leader and how were they selected?

💻 CODING & AUTONOMOUS

  • Walk us through your autonomous flight code. How does it work?
  • What was the hardest coding challenge you faced, and how did you solve it?
  • How did you test and iterate your autonomous program?
  • What sensors does your drone use and how did you code around them?
  • How did trial and error shape your autonomous strategy?

🎯 STRATEGY & COMPETITION

  • What is your team's strategy for the Teamwork Mission?
  • How do you choose which missions to prioritize?
  • How do you communicate with your Alliance partner?
  • Describe a match where things didn't go as planned and how you adapted.
  • What makes your team's piloting approach unique?

🚀 STEM & CAREERS

  • What STEM concepts have you applied in this competition?
  • Which careers has this program made you interested in?
  • How has chemistry or physics affected your drone flying?
  • What would you study in college to pursue a career in drones?
  • How does the FAA airspace system connect to real-world aviation?

💡 INTERVIEW BEST PRACTICES

Prepare specific examples — Don't speak in general terms. Tell judges exactly what happened and what you learned.
Reference your logbook — Judges will have it. Know your own entries and be ready to expand on them.
All voices matter — Judges want to hear from every team member. Practice answering as a group, not just one spokesperson.
Embrace what went wrong — Growth stories are powerful. Sharing failures and how you overcame them impresses judges more than pretending everything was perfect.

Safety Rules & Protocols

Safety is non-negotiable. Violations can result in a team being Grounded — required to land immediately and stop flying for the remainder of the match.

🛬

<S1> FLIGHT ZONES ONLY

Teams may only fly their Drone in a designated Flight Zone. Never fly outside sanctioned areas.

👩‍🏫

<S2> ADULT SUPERVISION

Students must be accompanied by an Adult at all times when operating the drone.

🛑

<S3> GROUNDED RULE

If a Team is Grounded by a referee, they must land immediately — no exceptions, no delays.

📝

<S4> PRE-FLIGHT CHECK

Teams must pass Flight Clearance Inspection and complete the Pre-Flight Checklist before every competition match.

🕹️

<S5> STAY IN STATION

Flight Team Members must stay in the Pilot station or Visual Observer stations. Never enter the field during a Match.

✈️

<S6> STAY IN CONTROL

Maintain positive control of your Drone at all times. If you lose control, attempt to land safely immediately.

😎

<S8> SAFETY GLASSES

All participants in the flight zone must wear safety glasses. This is mandatory and non-negotiable.

🏗️

<S10> NO STANDING ON OBJECTS

Flight Team Members may not stand on chairs, boxes, or any objects during a match.

📋

<S11> RELEASE FORMS

Every Student Team member must have a completed participant release form on file for the event and current season.

A–Z Drone Terms

A complete reference glossary of drone terminology. Click any letter to expand the terms for that section.

📖 How to use: Click a letter button below to reveal all drone terms starting with that letter. Each term includes its definition and real-world context. Source: PropelRC Drone Terminology Guide